ABSTRACT:
Nanocomposite materials have gained significant attention in recent years as advanced photocatalysts due to their superior structural, optical, and electronic properties. By integrating two or more nanoscale components, nanocomposites exhibit synergistic effects that enhance light absorption, promote efficient charge separation, and suppress electron–hole recombination, which are critical factors for improved photocatalytic performance. These materials enable extended utilization of the solar spectrum, particularly in the visible-light region, thereby increasing photocatalytic efficiency. This study highlights the fundamental principles, types, and synthesis strategies of nanocomposite based photocatalysts, including semiconductor semiconductor, metal semiconductor, carbon-based, and polymer-based nanocomposites. The mechanisms responsible for enhanced photocatalytic activity, such as heterojunction formation, plasmonic effects, and interfacial charge transfer, are also discussed. Furthermore, key applications in environmental remediation, hydrogen production, CO₂ reduction, and antimicrobial surfaces are reviewed. Overall, nanocomposite materials represent a promising pathway toward the development of highly efficient, stable, and sustainable photocatalysts. Continued research focused on scalable fabrication methods, long-term stability, and cost-effective material design is essential to facilitate their transition from laboratory-scale studies to practical, real-world applications.
Cite this article:
Manisha Verma, (2025). Nanocomposite Materials for Enhanced Photocatalytic Applications. Spectrum of Emerging Sciences, 5 (2) 82-90., DOI: https://doi.org/10.55878/SES2025-5-2-22
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