ABSTRACT:
The design and implementation of a low-cost, IoT-based household gas monitoring and leakage detection system for enhancing residential safety. The proposed system utilizes an MQ-5 or MQ-135 gas sensor to detect LPG, propane, methane, smoke, and harmful gases, an Arduino Uno microcontroller for data processing, a buzzer and LED for local audible and visual alerts, and an I2C LCD for real-time gas concentration display. An ESP8266 Wi-Fi module enables IoT connectivity, allowing remote monitoring and real-time notifications via a mobile application or cloud platform (Blynk/ThingSpeak). The system continuously monitors gas levels and automatically triggers alerts when gas concentration exceeds a predefined threshold (typically 300-500 ppm). The system was tested under various gas leakage conditions, achieving a detection response time of 3-8 seconds with approximately 95% accuracy. With a total component cost of approximately ₹750-₹900 (INR), this system is highly affordable for residential, kitchen, and industrial safety applications. The paper also discusses system architecture, component specifications, circuit connections, experimental results, limitations, and future enhancements including automatic gas valve shut-off and SMS alerts.
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